Hubungan Kepatuhan Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisa dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di Unit Hemodialisa Rumah Sakit Panti Waluya Sawahan Malang

Latar Belakang: Gagal ginjal kronis mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi ginjal dalam menyaring sisa metabolisme sehingga penderitanya harus mendapatkan terapi pengganti fungsi ginjal, yaitu hemodialisa. Terapi hemodialisa berlangsung seumur hidup penderitanya sehingga kepatuhan sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan kesehatan optimal dan mencapai kualitas hidup yang baik. Tujuan Penelitian: Bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan menjalani terapi hemodialisa dengan kualitas hidup pasien gagal ginjal kronis. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 106 responden yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 106 responden, sebanyak 103 orang (97,2%) patuh menjalani terapi hemodialisa dan sebanyak 73 orang (68,9%) memiliki kualitas hidup baik serta sebanyak 33 orang (31,1%) memiliki kualitas hidup sedang. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan p-value 0,438 > α 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara kepatuhan dan kualitas hidup pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa. Kesimpulan: Kualitas hidup dipengaruhi oleh 4 komponen, yaitu fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial, dan lingkungan. Kepatuhan termasuk dalam salah satu komponen fisik dimana masih terdapat komponen dan faktor lain yang dapat menunjang kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa. Saran: Diharapkan pasien tetap patuh menjalani terapi hemodialisa dan saling memberikan motivasi sehingga kualitas hidup semakin baik. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan mendapatkan data pasien yang tidak patuh sehingga hasil akhir memiliki rasio seimbang antara patuh dan tidak patuh.
Kata kunci: hemodialisa, gagal ginjal kronis, kepatuhan, kualitas hidup

Background: Chronic kidney disease causes a decrease in kidney function in removing metabolic wastes so that sufferers must receive replacement therapy for kidney function, namely hemodialysis. Hemodialysis therapy lasts a lifetime for sufferers so that adherence is needed to obtain optimal health and achieve a good quality of life. Research Objectives: Aims to determine the relationship between compliance with hemodialysis therapy and the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients. Methods: The research design is a correlational descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 106 respondents who were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results showed that out of 106 respondents, 103 people (97.2%) adhered to hemodialysis therapy and 73 people (68.9%) had a good quality of life and 33 people (31.1%) had a moderate quality of life. The statistical test results showed a p-value of 0.438 > α 0.05, which means that there is no relationship between adherence and quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. Conclusion: Quality of life is influenced by 4 components, namely physical, psychological, social relationships, and the environment. Compliance is included in one of the physical components where there are other components and factors that can support the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Suggestion: It is hoped that the patient will remain obedient in undergoing hemodialysis therapy and provide motivation to each other so that the quality of life gets better. For future researchers, it is expected to obtain data on non-adherent patients so that the final result has a balanced ratio between compliance and non-adherence.
Keywords: hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease, adherence, quality of life